you are unfamiliar with the subject area.(你不熟悉主题领域)
you can read / understand the most fundamental aspects of the subject area.(你可以阅读/了解主题领域最基本的方面)
ability to implement small changes, understand basic principles and able to figure out additional details with minimal help.(能够实现小的变化，理解基本原理，并能在最小的帮助下找出更多的细节)
Basic proficiency in a subject area without relying on help.(在不依赖帮助的情况下，熟练掌握主题领域)
- You are comfirtable with the subject area and all routine work on it:（熟悉主题领导所有工作内容）
- For software areas - ability to develop medium programs using all basic language features w/o book, awareness of more esoteric feature(with book).（在软件领域，有能力开发中等规模的程序，通过书籍翻译更深的特性）
- For systems areas - understanding of many fundamentals of networking and systems administration, ability to run a small network of system including recovery, debugging and nontrivial troubleshooting that relies on the knowledge of internals.（在系统领域，理解网络和系统管理的原理，能够运行一个小的网络系统，包括系统恢复、调试和依赖于内部原理的调试）
An even lower degree of reliance on reference materials. Deeper skills in a field or specific technology in the subject area.(对参考资料的依赖程度更低。在某一领域或某一特定技术领域有较深的技能)
Ability to develop large programs and systems from scratch. Understanding of low level details and internals. Ability to design / deploy most large, distributed systems from scratch.(能够从头开始开发大型程序和系统。了解低层次的细节和内部信息。能够设计/部署大多数大型的分布式系统)
You understand and make use of most lesser known language features, technologies, and associated internals. Ability to automate significant amounts of systems administration.(理解并利用最不知名的语言特征、技术和相关的内部信息。能够自动化大量的系统管理)
Deep understanding of corner cases, esoteric features, protocols and systems including “theory of operation”. Demonstrated ability to design, deploy and own very critical or large infrastructure, build accompanying automation.(深刻理解极端案例，深奥的特性，协议和系统，包括“操作理论”。演示了设计、部署和拥有非常关键或大型基础设施的能力，并建立了相应的自动化)
Could have written the book about the subject area but didn’t; works with standards committees on defining new standards and methodologies.（本可以写关于主题领域的书，但没有;与标准委员会一起制定新的标准和方法）
- Wrote the book on the subject area(there actually has to be a book). Recognized industry expert in the field, might have invented it.(编写该领域的书(实际上必须有一本书)。业内公认的业内专家，可能是该领域的发明人)
几年前听@左耳朵耗子分享过一个人才测量标准：
初级：在给出指导和具体实施细节后，能独立按时按量（数量和质量）完成工作。
中级：不用指导和具体实施细节，能独立的按时按量（数量和质量）完成工作。
高级：解难题（能解决业务或技术难题），传帮带（能指导培养初中级人员），标准化（能沉淀出可复制或可复用的方法论或工作方式，提高生产效率）
总监：拿结果（拿到工作结果）、建团队（建立小而精战斗力强的团队）、提效率（提高执行效率）
业务负责人或者VP：找方向（找到业务发展方向）、创效益（为公司创造实实在在的效益）、建文化（建设公司或部门的文化和价值观）